Free Essays on Indian Removal And Andrew Jackson

The constitution of the United States reads; â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.† In the early 1800’s, there existed a deep division among the nation’s white population regarding Native Americans. In their dealings with Native Americans, the first white settlers adopted policies that were formed by their own European worldview and experience. When the United States became a nation, the new government was built on this European foundation. Later, the United States transformed its Native American policy through changing perspectives and needs. The growing greedy white population hungry for new land and wealth began to encroach on Native American territory. Eventually the Native Americans were thought of as worthless uncivilized savages by those west of the Appalachians and redeemable sav ages by eastern philanthropists and humanitarians. To the white settlers in the trans-Appalachian frontier that ran from the mid-west to the southern states, Indians were considered a threat that had to be extinguished. Believers in Native American reform were largely from the industrial and commercial centers in the Northeast where only a few Indians lived. President Andrew Jackson did not fall into this latter category. He was a devoted Indian fighter who would eventually remove all but a few Indians from the southeast and move them to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma). The era of Andrew Jackson was full of contradiction and paradox. Jackson brought the United States its first full taste of true democracy. A proponent of individual rights, he made the federal government more powerful than ever. He was also ridiculed as â€Å"King Andrew† a tyrant, because of his removal policy towards the Indians and his harsh treatment of some southern slave states when they threatened ... Free Essays on Indian Removal And Andrew Jackson Free Essays on Indian Removal And Andrew Jackson The constitution of the United States reads; â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.† In the early 1800’s, there existed a deep division among the nation’s white population regarding Native Americans. In their dealings with Native Americans, the first white settlers adopted policies that were formed by their own European worldview and experience. When the United States became a nation, the new government was built on this European foundation. Later, the United States transformed its Native American policy through changing perspectives and needs. The growing greedy white population hungry for new land and wealth began to encroach on Native American territory. Eventually the Native Americans were thought of as worthless uncivilized savages by those west of the Appalachians and redeemable sav ages by eastern philanthropists and humanitarians. To the white settlers in the trans-Appalachian frontier that ran from the mid-west to the southern states, Indians were considered a threat that had to be extinguished. Believers in Native American reform were largely from the industrial and commercial centers in the Northeast where only a few Indians lived. President Andrew Jackson did not fall into this latter category. He was a devoted Indian fighter who would eventually remove all but a few Indians from the southeast and move them to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma). The era of Andrew Jackson was full of contradiction and paradox. Jackson brought the United States its first full taste of true democracy. A proponent of individual rights, he made the federal government more powerful than ever. He was also ridiculed as â€Å"King Andrew† a tyrant, because of his removal policy towards the Indians and his harsh treatment of some southern slave states when they threatened ...

Free Essays on Hamel As A Tragic Hero

Hamlet as a tragedy In Shakespeare’s play Hamlet the question on weather or not it falls into the category of a tragedy. â€Å"Tragedies recount an individual's downfall; they usually begin high and end low (1)†. According Aristotle a tragedy is a play that ha a beginning middle and an end; a unity of place and time; a tragic hero who goes through peripetia and anagnorisis. The first issue of whether something is classified as a tragedy is whether it contains a distinguishing beginning, middle and an end. The play early on reveals that Hamlet’s father was killed and he ponders how to go about seeking revenge. The middle of the play is distinguished as the Hamlets â€Å"mouse trap,† catching Claudius right where he wanted him. The end is distinguished as Hamlets tragic flaw leading to the end of his life but not until Claudius, Leartes, and Gertrude are all dead. (Act v scene ii) The next aspect of a classic tragedy is a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who leads to his/her down fall due to a tragic flaw. Hamlet’s tragic flaw is that he over analyses/thinks about what to do about his father’s murder throughout the play. This flaw predominately shown when Hamlet has a perfect opportunity to kill Claudius while he is praying (Act III scene iii), but Hamlet decides to think about it. Hamlet determines that if he kills Claudius while he is praying, that will send him to heaven. Therefore, Hamlet decides to wait for Claudius to sin, and then kill him, sending him to hell. This opportunity to wait turns to be a bad one that sends Hamlet into his own spiraling downfall. Another aspect of a classic tragedy is the tragic hero must experience peripetia or reversal of events. Hamlet experiences peripetia on his voyage to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. On the voyage over, Hamlet finds his death warrant with his name on it to be delivered to England. Hamlet, being the thinker he is, decides to re-write i... Free Essays on Hamel As A Tragic Hero Free Essays on Hamel As A Tragic Hero Hamlet as a tragedy In Shakespeare’s play Hamlet the question on weather or not it falls into the category of a tragedy. â€Å"Tragedies recount an individual's downfall; they usually begin high and end low (1)†. According Aristotle a tragedy is a play that ha a beginning middle and an end; a unity of place and time; a tragic hero who goes through peripetia and anagnorisis. The first issue of whether something is classified as a tragedy is whether it contains a distinguishing beginning, middle and an end. The play early on reveals that Hamlet’s father was killed and he ponders how to go about seeking revenge. The middle of the play is distinguished as the Hamlets â€Å"mouse trap,† catching Claudius right where he wanted him. The end is distinguished as Hamlets tragic flaw leading to the end of his life but not until Claudius, Leartes, and Gertrude are all dead. (Act v scene ii) The next aspect of a classic tragedy is a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who leads to his/her down fall due to a tragic flaw. Hamlet’s tragic flaw is that he over analyses/thinks about what to do about his father’s murder throughout the play. This flaw predominately shown when Hamlet has a perfect opportunity to kill Claudius while he is praying (Act III scene iii), but Hamlet decides to think about it. Hamlet determines that if he kills Claudius while he is praying, that will send him to heaven. Therefore, Hamlet decides to wait for Claudius to sin, and then kill him, sending him to hell. This opportunity to wait turns to be a bad one that sends Hamlet into his own spiraling downfall. Another aspect of a classic tragedy is the tragic hero must experience peripetia or reversal of events. Hamlet experiences peripetia on his voyage to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. On the voyage over, Hamlet finds his death warrant with his name on it to be delivered to England. Hamlet, being the thinker he is, decides to re-write i...

San Francisco Prescott Hotel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

San Francisco Prescott Hotel - Essay Example The hotel offers some of the best services to its customers. From celebrities to business executives, from families to groups of friends, the hotel fits the needs of all its guests. The experience is unmatchable and the hotel is marked as one of the bests mainly because of the front desk staff here at Prescott. The front desk staff plays a major role in any hotel’s success and progress. They tend to carry out some of the major activities related to the customers including welcoming customers, listening and responding to customer complaints and needs, allocated check ins and check outs, ensuring security arrangements, settling customers’ accounts, and giving them important information or messages (Sterling, 2010). The hotel pampers its guests and provides them with a number of facilities that would add up to their amazing experience. It gives club level accommodations to the guests including complimentary breakfast and a free hosted bar night for two hours. The wine receptions in the evening for business executives and friends are hosted in the lobby lounge near the fireside. This is completely arranged and handled by the employees of Prescott. The front desk department has the duty to ensure all the events and services are given to the customers and there are no complaints. The staff at Prescott is friendly, highly professional, and trained in providing guests a remarkable experience. As we know that the biggest attraction that the hotel has is its location. The building of the hotel was originally built in early 1900s giving it old world elegance and adding to the historic importance of the location. The hotel lobby lounge adds to the historic importance as it includes paintings and interior which reflects the historical details related to the city. Prescott has trained its front desk department with all the necessary details about the paintings and the building. The employees seem to

Polyprod Change Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Polyprod Change Management - Assignment Example Polyprod is a multinational company that designs; develops, manufactures and markets various high-tech products for both commercial and home use. The firm has been in operation for the last eleven years and has been experiencing exponential growth. The companies has it's headquarter at the United States and several centers located at Canada, Asia, Europe and Africa. The central or the headquarter division managers all the other centers in different location though the other centers have autonomy to make decisions. The firm has an elaborate and highly automated manufacturing process that allows for the huge production and makes the system operate at high speeds, intricacy and produce massive volume of the products sold. The designs are created at the headquarters while the production takes place at various aforementioned locations to exploit cheap labour and maximize on profits. The products manufactured are of high quality and must pass the quality control tests. In spite of all the success experienced by the company, there are many organizational problems hampering the growth of the firm. Some of these factors include organizational and leadership problems, resistance to changes in organizational culture, rapid organizational growth, documentation and human resources problems In the wake of these issu... The central or the headquarter division managers all the other centers in different location though the other centers have autonomy to make decisions. The firm has an elaborate and highly automated manufacturing process that allows for the huge production and makes the system operate at high speeds, intricacy and produce massive volume of the products sold. The designs are created at the headquarters while the production takes place at various aforementioned locations to exploit cheap labour and maximize on profits. The products manufactured are of high quality and must pass the quality control tests. In spite of all the success experienced by the company, there are many organizational problems hampering the growth of the firm. Some of these factors include organizational and leadership problems, resistance to changes in organizational culture, rapid organizational growth, documentation and human resources problems In the wake of these issues, the company hired an external consultant to streamline and improve the impeding management, organizational and leadership issues. The consultant will also make decisions on ways of improving the manufacturing and distribution division at Polyprod. 1.2 Problem statement The rapid development in Polyprod in the past 11 years has resulted to the company experiencing severe problems in the following main areas Inefficient and ineffective management and leadership practices The firm's unable to monitor the number of locations, sales, product lines and capital equipment which have increased exponentially. Polyprod Lacks proper personnel support systems such as information and knowledge management system. The firm has also hired temporary and in-experienced personnel who cannot handle and manage the growing

A View From A Bridge Coursework Essay Example for Free

A View From A Bridge Coursework Essay Explore the dramatic use of Alfieri in A view from the Bridge. What is his dramatic significance in the play? Arthur Miller was an American playwright, essayist and author. He was born in New York City on October 17th 1915. He lived with his mother and father, who were Jewish, in New York City. His father was a womens clothing manufacturer while his mother was a schoolteacher. The family were rich until the stock market crash of 1929 when they lost most of their money. They were then forced to move into Brooklyn, a very poor district where a lot of legal and illegal immigrants lived and where a lot of crime would happen. Miller used to do a variety of jobs so that his parents could afford to send him to college. In 1947 Miller wrote his first play, All My Sons which won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award. Two of his most well-known plays are The Crucible and Death of a Salesman. The play I will be covering is called A view from the Bridge which was written in 1955. The idea behind it was influenced by a story Miller heard while he was working on the docks. A view from the Bridge is set in Brooklyn, following the life of the main character Eddie Carbone who was the husband to Beatrice and uncle to Catherine. When Beatrices cousins, Rodolfo and Marco, arrived in Brooklyn as illegal immigrants from Italy; this was when the trouble started. The other main character was Alfieri; he was a narrator, telling the story of Eddie Carbones life. The reason for the play having the name A view from the Bridge was because it contained the good and the bad. Eddie was jealous of Rodolfo and Catherine as he was trying to sabotage their ideas of marriage whilst Catherine and Rodolfo wanted to get married because they loved each other. Alfieri was standing on the bridge looking over, watching the argument flare out until its disastrous conclusion, ending in death. Miller started the play with Alfieri, the narrator. This was because of Alfieris importance. Theoretically, Alfieri was telling a story that had already happened to the audience. It was important to let the audience know that this story was a circular plot. Alfieri started the play with his first soliloquy. He was walking to his office when he saw a couple of long shore men. You wouldnt have known it but something amusing has just happened. See how uneasily they nod to me? Thats because I am a lawyer were only thought of in connection with disasters and theyd rather not get too close. Here Alfieri showed that he was observant because he realized what had happened even though nobody else did. He also told the audience who he was; he was a lawyer so this must mean that he was a very intelligent man. Additionally, he commented on how people treated him because of his job. You only go to lawyers if something bad has happened e. g. murder or family rows. The long shore men nodded to him uneasily which suggests that they distrusted him. A lawyer means the law Here Alfieri has introduced the first main theme in the play: Law. I am inclined to notice the ruins of in things, perhaps because I was born in Italy. Alfieri told the audience that he was observant. He noticed the bad things that maybe others cold not see. He said it was because he was born in Italy. From this we can assume that Italy was a very poor place which meant that Alfieri was used to seeing the bad things because of his life in Italy, which also means that life in Brooklyn was similar to yet better than Italy, so many more Italians would already be in Brooklyn or wanting to move to there. Frankie Yale himself was cut precisely in half by a machine gun on the corner of Union Street Alfieri was mentioning past events, this sentence also builds tension, it explained that Brooklyn was a very poor district where crime was not unusual. He then went on to say: Oh, there were many here who were justly shot by unjust men. This suggests that a lot of dishonest men were rightfully killed; however, the killers were dishonest themselves so the killers had no right to kill the other person. Justice is very important here. This sentence brings in the second main theme to the play: Justice. The whole play is going to be revolving around the idea of law and justice. This is the slum that faces the bay on the seaward side of Brooklyn Bridge. This is the gullet of New York swallowing the tonnage of the world Now we settle for half, and I like it better. I no longer keep a pistol in my filling cabinet. Here Alfieri was setting the scene, describing how horrible Brooklyn was, it was the lowest of the low, it was making New York look like a bad place, the use of personification is very effective because it referred to Brooklyn as the throat of New York where all the atrocious things in the world happened. Alfieri settled for half, as when he first arrived in Brooklyn, there was a lot of crime, but now there was only half of what it used to be, which was an improvement. And my practice is entirely unromantic people in this neighborhood lack elegance and glamour and yet every year there is still a case, and as the parties tell me what the trouble is, the flat air in my office suddenly washes in with the green scent of the sea, the dust in this air is blown away Alfieri had mentioned that usually his job was boring and mundane where nothing exciting happened. He had to deal with petty family complaints. However, he did get cases which were quite unlike his normal day to day complaints. As he mentioned this fact we could see that the play was going to involve one of those unusual complaints.

The Impact of Ophelia on Shakespeares Hamlet Essay examples -- GCSE E

The Impact of Ophelia on Hamlet      Ã‚   Michael Pennington in â€Å"Ophelia: Madness Her Only Safe Haven,† elucidates the character of Ophelia in Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet:    This is the woman she might have become – warm, tolerant and imaginative. Instead she becomes jagged, benighted and imaginative. . . .Ophelia is made mad not only by circumstance but by something in herself. A personality forced into such deep hiding that it has seemed almost vacant, has all the time been so painfully open to impressions that they now usurp her reflexes and take possession of her. She has loved, or been prepared to love, the wrong man; her father has brought disaster on himself, and she has no mother: she is terribly lonely. (73-74)    This essay hopes to touch on many aspects of Ophelia’s character as she is victimized by circumstances and characters around her.    The protagonist of the tragedy, Prince Hamlet, initially appears in the play dressed in solemn black, mourning the death of his father supposedly by snakebite while he was away at Wittenberg as a student. Hamlet laments the hasty remarriage of his mother to his father’s brother, an incestuous act; thus in his first soliloquy he cries out, â€Å"Frailty, thy name is woman!† Ophelia enters the play with her brother Laertes, who, in parting for school, bids her farewell and gives her advice regarding her relationship with Hamlet. Ophelia agrees to abide by the advice: â€Å"I shall the effect of this good lesson keep as watchman to my heart.† Thus Ophelia must initially bend her will to please her brother. After Laertes’ departure, Polonius inquires of Ophelia concerning the â€Å"private time† which Hamlet spends with her. He dismisses Hamlet’s overtures as â€Å"Affection, puh!... ...fe Haven.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from â€Å"Hamlet†: A User’s Guide. New York: Limelight Editions, 1996.    Pitt, Angela. â€Å"Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Excerpted from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981.    Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html    Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000 http://www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

Arnold’s Epochs of Expansion Essay

â€Å"I am bound by my own definition of criticism: a disinterested endeavor to learn and propagate the best that is known and thought in the world;† (Leitch 824) said the Victorian poet and critic Matthew Arnold. Matthew Arnold, an English poet and critic whose work was both a representative of the Romantic ideas and of the Victorian intellectual concerns later on was the primary literary critic of his age. Arnold’s critical theories is highlighted mainly through his most important critical prose â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time† in which he examines the role of the critic in society and presents his critical concept. Arnold’s contribution to literary theory is his theories on epochs of expansion and epochs of concentration, which throughout the course of this essay will be thoroughly explained. Matthew Arnold, a Romantic poet transformed into a critic of the Romantic Age, contributes to the English critical theories, the concept of epo chs of expansion and epochs of concentration. Matthew Arnold, poet and critic was born on December 24 1822 in Laleham, Middlesex England and passed away April 15, 1888. He was considered the father of the modern criticism movement into the Objective Theory. Arnold was the eldest son of Thomas Arnold, historian and famous headmaster of Rugby, and of Mary (Penrose) Arnold. Throughout the beginning of Arnold’s life he was educated at Rugby and then at Balliol College, University of Oxford, where he graduated. Shortly after Arnold graduated he was elected to a fellowship at Oriel, and after teaching a little at Rugby he became a private secretary to the Marquis of Lansdowne. After becoming the private secretary to Lord Lansdowne, he was appointed to inspector of schools, a position he held up until 1886, two years before his death. During his term he went on a number of missions and visitation of European schools. He was impressed by some of the educational systems that he wrote several works about them as well. Arnold’s literary career can be divided into four separate periods in which the first period was in the 1850s where a large amount of his poems appeared; the second being in the 1860s in which his literary criticism and social criticism emerged; and the third being in the 1870s where his religious and educational writings surfaced; finally the fourth period being the one in the 1880s, where his second set of essays in literary criticism emerged. The fact that Arnold was born into an age that  was shifting from the Romantics into the Victorian Age gave him a perspective of both ages in which he actually wrote in both ages. Arnold began as a Romantic poet merely writing Romantic poetry and displaying the various Romantic intellectual ideas. Later on, Arnold switched into prose and began writing critical works in which Arnold became a critic of the Romantic Age and intellectual thoughts. Matthew Arnold was one of the most significant literary critics of his age. He was the Professor of Poetry at Oxford from the time of 1857 to 1867, during which he wrote his first books of criticism, including On Translating Homer (1861), Essays in Criticism (1865; Series 2, 1888), In the Study of Celtic Literature (1867), and a number of other books regarding criticism as well. In his first volume of Essays in Criticism, came Arnold’s most important critical work in the name of â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time,† in which Arnold examines the role of the critic in society and formulates the critical theory of an epoch of expansion and epoch of concentration. Arnold’s essay suggests that the critic’s role is one of a personal and social nature but the critic must maintain â€Å"disinterestedness,† according to Arnold, to produce a proper critique. Arnold wanted to lay down the rules for aesthetic art in his age; he wanted them to have rules in order to produce a great anesthetic object. Arnold also tried to establish an aesthetic realm and emphasize the role of critics. Therefore, Arnold wrote â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time,† which is an essay where he laid down his theory and where he argued for the central role of the critic in collecting and producing great literature. In Arnold’s essay â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time†, Arnold asserted that criticism is a positive and noble task. Since, Arnold began as a poet and was a poet himself he gives some emphasis to the creative abilities of the poet yet he also gives a greater emphasis to the analytical abilities of the critic. Matthew Arnold introduced the concept of poetry as a synthesizing process in which the poet synthesizes ideas and puts these ideas together to form a work of art. He also introduced the role of the critic being the analyst of those ideas. So, in other words, Arnold states that the poet collects the information and the critic saturates or divides  those ideas and by dividing and synthesizing these ideas there will be an artistic process or dialogue in which the poets will see their work analyzed and view their weak points and try to synthesize new and powerful ideas. After the poet synthesizes newer and powerful ideas the critic then will take these ideas and analyze them, divide them, break them apart and talk about the strong and weak points in them, so this is a continual process of analyzing and synthesizing. Arnold gives the poet the creative ability and the critic the analytical ability; yet, both of them are creators, one of them synthesizes and produces or creates and the other analyzes and by analyzing he introduces new ideas to the poet. The critic introduces new ideas to the poet by analysis and discovery and by seeing the objects as they are and not as they are supposed to be. Therefore, the critic and poet are both interdependent on each other and need the other to function well. Furthermore, Arnold formulated a theory in which the world of art passes through periods which are called epochs. There are two epochs: epoch of expansion and the other epoch is an epoch of concentration. Matthew Arnold defined the epoch of expansion as a period in time in which the poets come up with new ideas, ideas that are very rare. Arnold believes that only the artistic world would pass through those two epochs. According to Arnold, the epoch of expansion was seen in two very important periods, the first epoch of expansion is Periclean Athens, in which the greatest voices and works of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides existed, and the second epoch of expansion is Elizabethan England, where the greatest voices and works of William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Ben Jonson flourished. Arnold states that the significance of those periods in the history of art is because they formed many new ideas that were rare at the time. Therefore, according to Arnold’s definition, an epoch of expansion involved the poet synthesizing and creating a creative work of literature from the intellectual cultural moments at the time into a great work of literature. Arnold also defines the epoch of concentration as the epochs in which the critics find the good use of the ideas introduced in the epoch of expansion and they analyze it, and by analyzing them, they come up with new ideas to  present to the poets. In other words, the epoch of expansion consists of numerous new ideas that are emerge up and many sources in these periods that when they pass, the critics look at them, break them down, analyze them and then produce new ideas. The critic’s role would be of a rational nature in which he analyzes the object or work of literature. Then after the epoch of concentration presents the new ideas to the poets, another epoch of expansion comes to life by the poets in which they synthesized and put together newer ideas from the analysis of the critics in order to present a newer epoch of expansion. Time then passes as well and the critic takes those new ideas, breaks them down again, and analyzes them to come up with fresher ideas. Furthermore, the critics and poets are working one after the other, and each epoch completes the next by displaying its features. Yet, in the epoch of concentration, the criticism produced â€Å"must maintain its independence of the practical spirit and its aim.† (Leitch 822) This quote in simpler words states that the critic should be an unbiased individual that does not let his emotions, thoughts, or any action in the country at the time to influence his analysis and that the analysis presented is based solely on the work of art presented to him. Therefore, the critic’s role â€Å"in all branches of knowledge, theology, philosophy, history, art, science [is] to see the object as in itself it really is.† (Leitch 806) The critics work later on influences the creative powers of the poet’s creativity and therefore precipitat es the â€Å"creative epochs of literature.† (Leitch 808) Arnold states that the great force of the epoch of concentration was England and the greatest voice of this epoch was Burke. The objective theorists made it their job to drift away from the Romantic values and establish their own similar to the Expressive theorists and their rebellions against the Neoclassicists. Therefore, they gave the critic a stronger role in producing great literature, which was not given by previous and older theorists and theories. Hence, Arnold aid that a critic is as important as the poet in this artistic process, which is very similar to Alexander Pope’s ideas. Arnold also stated that the critic ought to have a disinterested way of looking at the world, being natural and not subjective, but objective. Therefore, some of Matthew Arnold’s influences on his theories were of Aristotle, in the emphasis of the synthesizing process of  the poet as a creative creator. An influence of Burke in referencing that the poet is a creative force and the critic is a rational force similar to the concept of Imagination and Judgment. There is also the influence of Alexander Pope in relating that the role of criticism is a positive and noble task and that the critic is as important if not more important than the poet himself. Finally, one more influence would be that of the Pragmatic way of asserting that criticism should be a neutral task and not biased. There is no doubt that Arnold influenced numerous individuals with his critical concept that one of those influenced by Arnold is T.S. Elliot, in the manner of replacig the Romantic emphasis on spontaneity, originality, and novelty with the new focus on history, culture and tradition. Elliot also presents his critical work â€Å"The Function of Criticism† being derived from the same title Arnold used in his critical work â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time.† Arnold’s criticism also had a major impact on the work of writers such as Walter Pater, Oscar Wilde, George Eliot, Henry James, Thomas Hardy, and even George Santayana, and Wallace Stevens. Another critic influenced by Matthew Arnold is Harold Bloom, a critic who expresses a lofty disregard for Arnold. Matthew Arnold, therefore, â€Å"defines criticism as involving flexibility, openness, to new experiences, and curiosity†¦He insists, too, on the ‘free play’ of mind.† (Leitch 805) Within Arnold’s definition lies the concept of an epoch of expansion and an epoch of concentration being interdependent and related to each other. This view contributed to laying down the roles of each the poet and the critic as being the creative and rational individuals who synthesize and analyze great works of literature. Criticism might praise certain elements of literature, but must maintain dissatisfaction with the whole as long as it falls short of the â€Å"fullness of spiritual perfection.† (Leitch 822) The critic is therefore the propagator of art, culture, and society. Through the critic’s work, fresh and true ideas are observed and passed into the world in order to shape and influence the creative mind. Without criticism, the flow of creativity and progress would be detained, according to Arnold’s thoughts. In conclusion, Matthew Arnold, a Romantic poet transformed into a critic of the Romantic Age contributed highly to the Objective theorist approach to criticism. This contribution is presented through his great prose work â€Å"The Function of Criticism at the Present Time,† in which, the critical concept of an epoch of expansion and an epoch of concentration is presented. An epoch of expansion being an era, in which a poet creatively synthesizes an intellectual cultural moment into a great work of literature and the critic therefore in his epoch of concentration, analyzes this work disinterestedly and presents the weakness and strong points of this, therefore presenting fresher and newer ideas to the poet to be taken in consideration. The poet therefore, takes those ideas and applies them to the later works, which presents the interdependent relationship of both the critic and poet. This concept later on influenced a number of writers and critics and their works and contributed highly to the modern critical theory. I believe that throughout this research paper, I benefited a lot from the information researched and presented and understand Arnold’s perspective and theory to an extent that I can agree to his theory of the critic and poet being codependent on each others.